Countermeasures for rhinitis of laying hens in winter

Winter has come, and the temperature has dropped sharply recently. If you ask what is the disease that bothers most layer farmers in early winter season, rhinitis must be on the list. In recent years, various types of rhinitis emerge in the layer market, so that the majority of farmers cannot prevent, the most common trouble is that they do not know how to develop the disease, the vaccine is not completely prevented, during egg production dare not take medicine, for fear of further losses, so what is the matter of infectious rhinitis of chicken, and how should we deal with it? Nakatani will answer your questions in the following sections.

Infectious rhinitis of chicken is an acute respiratory infection caused by Haemophilus paraanicum. The main appearance is inflammation of the eyes, nasal cavity and suborbital sinus, swelling of the face and fleshy beard, and flowing nasal fluid. Chickens will carry bacteria for life after infection, and the transmission route is mainly through infected chickens, feathers, feces, contaminated feed and drinking water, etc. Sick chickens and recovered chickens with bacteria are the main source of infection, mainly through respiratory tract transmission, but also through digestive tract infection. The disease has a short incubation period, rapid transmission and high incidence, and chickens of all ages are at risk of infection. The incidence in cold season is significantly higher than that in other seasons, often mixed with pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli infection, extremely easy to cause greater losses to the farms.

Why is winter prone to infectious rhinitis?

1, physical decline, loss of line of defense

The sudden drop in temperature will cause cold stress in some chickens, leading to decreased resistance. In addition, in cold season, poor ventilation in the house will easily damage the respiratory mucosa of chickens, and pathogenic bacteria can quickly enter the body and cause morbidity of chickens.

2. Low temperature is suitable for pathogen survival

The survival time of Haemophilus parasaginis is longer in low temperature environment, and it can survive for about 2 weeks in 4℃ environment.

The biosafety effect is not good

Once the rhinitis pathogen is introduced, it is not easy to remove. And in the low temperature environment, the disinfection effect of disinfectant is not good, resulting in pathogenic microorganisms in the house is difficult to eliminate.

So how should infectious rhinitis be prevented and controlled?

First, adhere to immunization

At the present stage, although the vaccine cannot completely protect the chickens from disease, it is still the most effective means to protect the chickens and reduce the loss. It can reduce the mortality rate, elimination rate and egg production rate of the infected chickens. Emergency immunization can also protect the chickens without disease and reduce the severe disease. At present, there are two kinds of products on the market: aluminum gel vaccine and oil vaccine. From the perspective of protective effect, the effect of oil vaccine is slightly better than that of aluminum gel vaccine, but the stress degree of oil vaccine is much greater than that of aluminum gel vaccine, and the antibody production of aluminum gel vaccine is relatively rapid. Therefore, the immunization procedure of rhinitis is recommended to avoid using aluminum gel vaccine first and oil vaccine second, and use aluminum gel vaccine in emergency immunization, taking into account both stress and protection.

Two, do a good job of feeding management

Strengthen feeding management, deal with the relationship between ventilation and heat preservation in cold season. While ensuring the high quality of air in the house, it is also necessary to ensure that the chickens have an appropriate temperature, prevent cold stress and provide a stable environment for the chickens. Besides, it is necessary to ensure the reasonable feed formula, ensure sufficient energy in cold season, and regularly add multiple vitamins to improve the resistance of the chickens. Environmental stability can protect susceptible animals by reducing the incidence and severity of disease.

Third, improve biosafety

In order to completely solve the problem of rhinitis prevention and control, it is necessary to avoid introducing species from the disease site or the site where the disease has occurred. Secondly, in production management, it is necessary to cut off the transmission routes, strictly implement the epidemic prevention system from the human, animal, chicken, air and other aspects, and insist on extermination.

Iv. Treatment measures

1. After the outbreak is found, the first block shall be closed, and the other blocks without disease shall be immunized by emergency injection of aluminum gum vaccine. It is best to use your own isolates, and anti-stress drugs shall be added to relieve stress during immunization.

2. The selected chickens are initially placed in the downwind for individual treatment to prevent severe disease. For the unlaying hens, we can conduct group treatment with the initial administration of medicine when the cumulative incidence of the chickens reaches about 10%. The incidence rate, laying rate and fertilization rate of laying hens should be considered to determine the timing of initial administration. If the group dose too early, not until the outbreak of suppression, the disease is prone to relapse; If the time of administration is too late, it is easy to cause the decline of chicken population quality, secondary diseases and even death. The group administration of this disease should not be less than two courses of medicine, the outbreak of rhinitis will have two peaks, grasp the timing of medication, in the two peaks to suppress the disease, rhinitis can be basically controlled.

Another thing to note is that the choice of drugs should be careful. In particular, laying hens should use Haemophilus paracanil sensitive drugs in accordance with national laws and regulations. If it involves the risk of egg, chicken and other drugs, be sure to comply with the drug use period, do not take the risk.

3. During emergency immunization, the immune quality should not be affected due to the rush of time. Vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C should be fed in advance to resist immune stress and enhance mucosal resistance.